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Perhaps many people or electronics hobbyist asked how the work of a power supply? Why wave generated can be straight vertical? voltage can be set and even can set the output current? Well, here I will discuss how it happened.
Components are very important in making a power supply are: transformer, rectifier, filter and regulator. Below is a general flow diagram of a power supply.
Vs/Vp = Ns/Np
After the voltage is reduced as expected, we have to convert the voltage into a DC voltage as the output voltage of transformer is an AC voltage. To change that, we need a rectifier component which is a diode. Diode will rectify AC voltage into DC, as shown below:
Vrms = Vpeak / 2
Vdc = Vpeak / pi
For the performance of the power supply is good, then the required voltage filter for filtering the voltage of the diode to be a straight vertical wave only. Component used is a capacitor.
How does a capacitor can be used as a filter? Based on the principle of charge and discharge. At the time of voltage entering the capacitor, at the time also the capacitor starts to charging the charge, and after that the capacitor will directly discharge the charge. At the time of discharge, the capacitor will produce a voltage so the rectification voltage is seen decrease becoming increase, the event would occur continuously during the capacitor is given a voltage. The results of the working principle of the capacitor produces the waves become more straight.
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